Vocabulary to help understanding of cold war.
Containment: U.S. foreign policy to stop the spread of communism.
The Truman Doctrine: U.S. claimed the right to interfere in any nation where democracy is threatened. (Greece and Turkey)
The Marshall Plan: the U.S. gave any country that asked, huge sums of economic aid.
The Berlin Airlift: When the U.S. airlifted goods to West Berlin. West Berlin, remains democratic.
N.A.T.O.: (1949) North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Military organization, if anyone is invaded, the other countries will help defend- Collective Security. (U.S., Canada, U.K., France, West Germany, Portugal, Italy,)
The Warsaw Pact: (1955) anti-NATO. Consists of U.S.S.R. and its Satellite nations. (Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, E. Germany, Romania, Bulgaria)
Satellite Nations: any nations under the influence/control of another nation.
Iron Curtain: fictitious line dividing Eastern Communist Europe and Western Democratic Europe.
Détente: any time period during a relaxation of tension between the superpowers. (Brezhnev’s visit to the U.S./joint space mission)
Arms Race (nuclear): the U.S. and S.U. stockpiled nuclear weapons.
ABMT: anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty NPT: nuclear non-proliferation treaty
SALT I and SALT II: Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty
The Korean War: after WWII, N.Korea becomes communist, we create a democracy in South Korea. North Korea invades South Korea. The UN, steps in and backs the S.Koreans. N. Korean forces (aided by Russia and China) have to retreat north. We back off, and agree to keep Korea split, along the 38th parallel. (General Douglas MacArthur).
The Space Race: race to be the first country to space/the moon. *Sputnik/*Apollo—bragging rights.
Domino Theory: our belief that if one country becomes communist, then it will spread to surrounding countries.
The Cuban Missile Crisis: In 1950’s Fidel Castro led a communist revolution in Cuba, against the U.S. backed Batista gov. (U.S. following policy of containment). Bay of Pigs Invasion—US sends in counter revolutionaries to fight Castro, they are slaughtered—sours US/Cuban relations. Cuba ties itself to Russia. USSR puts nuclear missile bases in Cuba, US demands they remove them, USSR backs down
The Vietnam War: Ho Chi Minh, unites Vietnam under a communist regime. Nationalist. We fail to ‘contain’ communism.
Non-alignment: when a country chooses to not choose a side in the Cold War. You could “play” both sides against one another. (Egypt and India)
Ronald Reagan: our president in the 1980s. He supported the “Star Wars Program”—space based missile defense system.
Nikita Khrushchev: first premier of the Soviet Union after Stalin, begins the process of ‘de- Stalinization’.—undo Stalin’s legacy, tear down statues, rename streets and Stalingrad. (Lenin, Stalin, Khrushchev, Brezhnev, Gorbachev)
Brezhnev Doctrine: The U.S.S.R. would intervene to protect its interests in Eastern Europe.
Events in Hungary and Czechoslovakia: 1956 Hungary: Imre Nagy tried to introduce democratic reforms. In response the Soviet Unions “sends in the tanks”.
The Truman Doctrine: U.S. claimed the right to interfere in any nation where democracy is threatened. (Greece and Turkey)
The Marshall Plan: the U.S. gave any country that asked, huge sums of economic aid.
The Berlin Airlift: When the U.S. airlifted goods to West Berlin. West Berlin, remains democratic.
N.A.T.O.: (1949) North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Military organization, if anyone is invaded, the other countries will help defend- Collective Security. (U.S., Canada, U.K., France, West Germany, Portugal, Italy,)
The Warsaw Pact: (1955) anti-NATO. Consists of U.S.S.R. and its Satellite nations. (Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, E. Germany, Romania, Bulgaria)
Satellite Nations: any nations under the influence/control of another nation.
Iron Curtain: fictitious line dividing Eastern Communist Europe and Western Democratic Europe.
Détente: any time period during a relaxation of tension between the superpowers. (Brezhnev’s visit to the U.S./joint space mission)
Arms Race (nuclear): the U.S. and S.U. stockpiled nuclear weapons.
ABMT: anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty NPT: nuclear non-proliferation treaty
SALT I and SALT II: Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty
The Korean War: after WWII, N.Korea becomes communist, we create a democracy in South Korea. North Korea invades South Korea. The UN, steps in and backs the S.Koreans. N. Korean forces (aided by Russia and China) have to retreat north. We back off, and agree to keep Korea split, along the 38th parallel. (General Douglas MacArthur).
The Space Race: race to be the first country to space/the moon. *Sputnik/*Apollo—bragging rights.
Domino Theory: our belief that if one country becomes communist, then it will spread to surrounding countries.
The Cuban Missile Crisis: In 1950’s Fidel Castro led a communist revolution in Cuba, against the U.S. backed Batista gov. (U.S. following policy of containment). Bay of Pigs Invasion—US sends in counter revolutionaries to fight Castro, they are slaughtered—sours US/Cuban relations. Cuba ties itself to Russia. USSR puts nuclear missile bases in Cuba, US demands they remove them, USSR backs down
The Vietnam War: Ho Chi Minh, unites Vietnam under a communist regime. Nationalist. We fail to ‘contain’ communism.
Non-alignment: when a country chooses to not choose a side in the Cold War. You could “play” both sides against one another. (Egypt and India)
Ronald Reagan: our president in the 1980s. He supported the “Star Wars Program”—space based missile defense system.
Nikita Khrushchev: first premier of the Soviet Union after Stalin, begins the process of ‘de- Stalinization’.—undo Stalin’s legacy, tear down statues, rename streets and Stalingrad. (Lenin, Stalin, Khrushchev, Brezhnev, Gorbachev)
Brezhnev Doctrine: The U.S.S.R. would intervene to protect its interests in Eastern Europe.
Events in Hungary and Czechoslovakia: 1956 Hungary: Imre Nagy tried to introduce democratic reforms. In response the Soviet Unions “sends in the tanks”.